| Covariates |
Hancock Standard (714 valves) |
Hancock II (1293 valves) |
P value |
|
| Male sex |
340 (48%) |
803 (62%) |
<.0001 |
| Age, y (mean ± SD) |
47.8 ± 11.9 |
67.5 ± 8.2 |
<.0001 |
| NYHA class |
|
|
<.0001 |
| I |
0 |
36 (3%) |
|
| II |
19 (3%) |
506 (39%) |
|
| III |
580 (81%) |
536 (41%) |
|
| IV |
108 (15%) |
184 (14%) |
|
| Cardiogenic shock |
6 (0.8%) |
32 (3%) |
.01 |
| Endocarditis |
23 (3%) |
48 (4%) |
.5 |
| Diabetes |
14 (2%) |
53 (4%) |
<.009 |
| Hypertension |
39 (5.5%) |
96 (7%) |
.04 |
| Chronic renal failure |
2 (0.3%) |
43 (3%) |
<.0001 |
| Emergent/urgent procedure |
10 (1.4%) |
65 (5%) |
<.0001 |
| Previous cardiac operation |
94 (13%) |
160 (12%) |
.6 |
| Mitral valve position |
525 (73%) |
484 (37%) |
<.0001 |
| Aortic valve position |
189 (26%) |
809 (63%) |
<.0001 |
| Valve pathology |
|
|
|
| Rheumatic |
498 (70%) |
211 (16%) |
<.0001 |
| Degenerative |
100 (14%) |
397 (31%) |
<.0001 |
| Prosthetic pathology |
50 (7%) |
119 (9%) |
.08 |
| Previous SVD episode |
16 (2%) |
38 (3%) |
.3 |
| Stenosis |
170 (24%) |
405 (31%) |
<.001 |
| Incompetence |
198 (28%) |
494 (38%) |
<.0001 |
| Moderate stenosis and incompetence |
345 (48%) |
382 (10%) |
<.0001 |
| Sinus rhythm |
276 (39%) |
907 (70%) |
<.0001 |
| Atrial fibrillation or flutter |
433 (61%) |
343 (27%) |
<.0001 |
| Pacemaker |
4 (0.6%) |
29 (2%) |
.005 |
| Coronary artery disease |
28 (4%) |
343 (25%) |
<.0001 |
| Critical coronary disease |
18 (2%) |
273 (21%) |
<.0001 |
| Coronary artery bypass graft |
24 (3%) |
317 (25%) |
<.0001 |
| Ascending aorta replacement |
14 (2%) |
110 (8.5%) |
<.0001 |
| Crossclamp time (min) |
45.2 ± 19.2 |
79.1 ± 29.5 |
<.0001 |
| Cardiopulmonary bypass time (min) |
72 ± 32.6 |
112 ± 40.8 |
<.0001 |