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The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Vol 105, 1106-1113, Copyright © 1993 by The American Association for Thoracic Surgery and The Western Thoracic Surgical Association
F Jault, I Gandjbakhch, JC Chastre, JP Levasseur, V Bors, C Gibert, A Pavie and C Cabrol
From January 1978 to December 1988, 71 patients underwent surgical
intervention at our institution for prosthetic valve endocarditis with ring
abscesses. These procedures involved 59 aortic prostheses and 12 mitral
prostheses. No causative agent could be identified in 19 patients (26.7%).
The operation was performed during antibiotic therapy in 63 patients and
after a planned course of antibiotic therapy in 8 patients. At the aortic
level, abscesses were remedied by suturing in 3 cases, by pericardial
patches in 34 cases, and by complex procedures in 22 cases (subcoronary
valved conduit in 11 cases, supracoronary valved conduit with coronary
bypass grafts in 10 cases, apicoaortic valved conduit in 1 case). At the
mitral level, ring abscesses were cured in 10 cases by intraatrial
implantation of the prosthesis. In one case, the prosthesis was anchored
inside the left ventricle; and in one case the valve could be seated on the
anulus. The overall operative mortality rate was 17%. Long-term survival
was 54% +/- 8% at 6 years. Fifteen (26%) of the survivors needed a third
valve replacement (four operative deaths); a complex reconstruction was
performed in seven patients. Better detection of ring abscesses and earlier
surgical intervention before annular destruction and hemodynamic failure
can improve the operative mortality rate for prosthetic valve endocarditis.
When it is necessary, complex reconstruction, in spite of a high mortality
rate, seems to eradicate the infectious seat, and the outlook for the
patient's condition appears good.
ARTICLES
Prosthetic valve endocarditis with ring abscesses. Surgical management and long-term results
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Pitie's Hospital, Paris, France.
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