HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Personal Folders Download to citation manager Permission Requests Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Nygaard, H. Articles by Rovsing, P. E. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Nygaard, H. Articles by Rovsing, P. E.

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1994;107:438-0446
© 1994 Mosby, Inc.

Surgery for Acquired Heart Disease

Turbulent stresses downstream of three mechanical aortic valve prostheses in human beings

Aarhus, Denmark

Supported by the Danish Heart Foundation and Thomas B. Thriges Foundation.

Received for publication Feb. 25, 1993. Accepted for publication June 22, 1993. Address for reprints: Hans Nygaard, ME, Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Skejby Sygehus, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.

Abstract

High levels of turbulent stresses resulting from disturbed blood flow may cause damage to red blood cells and platelets. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the spatial distribution and temporal development of turbulent stresses downstream of three mechanical aortic valve prostheses in human subjects: the St. Jude Medical, the CarboMedics, and the Starr-Edwards silicone rubber ball. Blood velocity measurements were taken at 17 measuring points in the cross-sectional area of the ascending aorta 5 to 6 cm downstream of the aortic anulus with the use of a perivascular pulsed Doppler ultrasound system. Turbulence analysis was done for each of the 17 measuring points by calculating the radial Reynolds normal stresses within 50 msec overlapping time windows during systole. By coordinating the calculated Reynolds normal stress values for each time window and for all measuring points, computerized two-dimensional color-coded mapping of the turbulent stress distribution during systole was done. For the St. Jude Medical valves the highest Reynolds normal stress (27 to 63 N/m²) were found along the central slit near the vessel walls. The temporal development and spatial distribution of Reynolds normal stresses for the CarboMedics valves were quite similar to those of the St. Jude Medical valves with maximum Reynolds normal stress values ranging from 19 to 72 N/m². The typical Reynolds normal stress distribution for the Starr-Edwards silicone rubber ball valves was asymmetric, revealing the highest Reynolds normal stresses (11 to 56 N/m²) at various locations in the annular region between the ball and the vessel wall. The spatial distribution and temporal development of turbulent stresses downstream of the three investigated mechanical aortic valve prostheses correlated well with the superstructure of the valves. The maximum Reynolds normal stresses for the three valve types were in the same order of magnitude with exposure times sufficient to cause sublethal damage to red blood cells and platelets. (J THORAC CARDIOVASC SURG 1994;107:438-46)

This article has been cited by other articles:

				C. Nyboe, J. A. Funder, M. H. Smerup, H. Nygaard, and J. M. Hasenkam Turbulent stress measurements downstream of three bileaflet heart valve designs in pigs. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., June 1, 2006; 29(6): 1008 - 1013. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. N Andersen, S. Ringgaard, J M. Hasenkam, and H. Nygaard Quantitative haemodynamic evaluation of aortic cannulas Perfusion, September 1, 2004; 19(5): 323 - 330. [Abstract] [PDF]

				Y. Naito, M. Nakajima, H. Inoue, N. Hibino, E. Mizutani, and K. Tsuchiya Unexpected durability of Smeloff-Cutter aortic ball valve prosthesis Ann. Thorac. Surg., May 1, 2003; 75(5): 1633 - 1635. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Kozerke, J. M. Hasenkam, H. Nygaard, P. K. Paulsen, E. M. Pedersen, and P. Boesiger Heart Motion-adapted MR Velocity Mapping of Blood Velocity Distribution Downstream of Aortic Valve Prostheses: Initial Experience Radiology, February 1, 2001; 218(2): 548 - 555. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				F. I. Pareti, A. Lattuada, C. Bressi, M. Zanobini, A. Sala, A. Steffan, and Z. M. Ruggeri Proteolysis of von Willebrand Factor and Shear Stress-Induced Platelet Aggregation in Patients With Aortic Valve Stenosis Circulation, September 12, 2000; 102(11): 1290 - 1295. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. M. Bernal, J. M. Rabasa, F. Gutierrez-Garcia, C. Morales, J. F. Nistal, and J. M. Revuelta The CarboMedics Valve: Experience With 1,049 Implants Ann. Thorac. Surg., January 1, 1998; 65(1): 137 - 143. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				O. Lund, K. Emmertsen, T. T. Nielsen, F. T. Jensen, C. Flo, H. K. Pilegaard, B. S. Rasmussen, O. K. Hansen, and L. H. Kristensen Impact of Size Mismatch and Left Ventricular Function on Performance of the St. Jude Disc Valve After Aortic Valve Replacement Ann. Thorac. Surg., May 1, 1997; 63(5): 1227 - 1234. [Abstract] [Full Text]