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J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1994;107:1030-1035
© 1994 Mosby, Inc.

CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS, MYOCARDIAL MANAGEMENT, AND SUPPORT TECHNIQUES

Arterial line filtration protects brain microcirculation during cardiopulmonary bypass in the pig

Copenhagen, Denmark

Received for publication June 21, 1993. Accepted for publication Sept. 9, 1993. Address for reprints: Jens Waaben, MD, Consultant Anesthesiology, MBC 22, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Microemboli in the brain may inhibit brain function during cardiopulmonary bypass, and in a previous study in pigs of normothermic nonpulsatile bypass we reported a significant decrease in cerebral glucose consumption secondary to interruption of the capillary flow, possibly caused by microemboli. In the present study we measured the regional cerebral glucose consumption and the regional capillary diffusion capacity (that is, the number of perfused capillaries) in 10 different brain regions in two separate groups of animals with and without an arterial filter during normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. Inclusion of a 40µm arterial filter in the bypass circuit increased the regional brain glucose consumption 27% (median; range -12% to 145%) and regional capillary diffusion capacity increased 123% (median; range 36% to 829%). No change in brain histologic features, the cerebrovascular permeability to serum proteins, or cerebral water content was observed. The arterial filter probably protects the cerebral microcirculation and prevents the decrease in cerebral glucose consumption otherwise seen during bypass. (J THORAC CARDIOVASC SURG 1994;107:1030-5)

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