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J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1994;108:525-531
© 1994 Mosby, Inc.
SURGERY FOR CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE |
Groningen, The Netherlands
From the Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Received for publication Nov. 12, 1993. Accepted for publication April 13, 1994. Address for reprints: René M. H. J. Brouwer, MD, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Groningen, Oostersingel 59, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
Abstract
The optimal age for elective repair of aortic coarctation is controversial. The optimal age should be associated with a minimal risk of recoarctation, late hypertension, and other cardiovascular disorders. The purpose of this retrospective study is to determine the actuarial survival after aortic coarctation repair 25 years or more after operation and to calculate the optimal age for elective aortic coarctation repair. From 1948 to 1966, 120 consecutive patients underwent aortic coarctation repair. Eighty-seven were male (72.5%). The mean age at operation was 15.5 years (SD ± 9.1 years). Resection and end-to-end anastomosis was performed in 103 patients (85.8%). Early mortality occurred in 6 patients as a result of surgical problems, whereas late mortality in 15 patients was predominantly caused by cardiac causes. The mean follow-up period was 32 years (range 25 to 44.2 years). Ninety-two patients (96.8%) were in New York Heart Association class I. The probability of survival 44 years after operation was 73%. Patients younger than 10 years at operation had the highest probability of survival at 97%. Multivariate analysis produced age at operation as the only incremental risk factor for the occurrence of recoarctation, of late hypertension, and of premature death. So that these sequelae can be avoided, elective aortic coarctation repair should be performed around 1.5 years of age. At that age, the probability of recoarctation will have decreased to less than 3%, and the probability of upper body normotension and long-term survival will be optimal. (J THORAC CARDIOVASC SURG 1994;108:525-31)
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