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J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1997;114:179-185
© 1997 Mosby, Inc.

SURGERY FOR ACQUIRED HEART DISEASE

OUTCOME OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AFTER MITRAL VALVE REPAIR

Received for publication Dec. 16, 1996 Revisions requested Feb. 14, 1997; revisions received March 11, 1997 Accepted for publication March 13, 1997. Address for reprints: Jean F. Obadia, MD, PhD, Service de Chirurgie Cardio-Thoracique, Hôpital Cardiologique, Boulevard Pinel, 69003 Lyon, France.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the prognostic factors for return to sinus rhythm after mitral valve repair.Method: One hundred ninety-one patients underwent surgery for mitral valve repair, including 142 procedures for valve repair only (74%). The patients with preoperative atrial fibrillation (50.5%) were older, clinically more symptomatic, and had a greater degree of left atrial dilation than the patients who had sinus rhythm.Results: Preoperative cardiac rhythm, the duration of preoperative atrial fibrillation, and a lesser degree of left atrial hypertrophy are significant prognostic factors independent of the maintenance of sinus rhythm. The probability of return to stable sinus rhythm was 93.7% when sinus rhythm was already present before the operation and 80% when atrial fibrillation was intermittent or of less than 1 year's duration; probability declined abruptly for durations over 1 year. No significant difference in patient survival was noted between those who had sinus rhythm (99% ± 0.9% at 1 year and 86% ± 6.6% at 5 years) and those who had atrial fibrillation in the preoperative period (95% ± 3.1% at 1 year and 86% ± 8.4% at 5 years). In contrast, the postoperative return to sinus rhythm was associated with 99% ± 0.9% and 94% ± 4.8% survivals at 1 and 4 years versus 97% ± 1.5% and 77% ± 13% in the event of postoperative atrial fibrillation.Conclusion: The aim of restoring postoperative sinus rhythm after mitral valve repair should lead to surgery being conducted on patients who have sinus rhythm or recent-onset atrial fibrillation. Surgery for atrial fibrillation may be of value in patients with a long history of atrial fibrillation, providing that it does not induce prohibitive excess mortality. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1997;114:179-85

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