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J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1999;117:960-968
© 1999 Mosby, Inc.

GENERAL THORACIC SURGERY

NODE STATUS IN TRANSMURAL ESOPHAGEAL ADENOCARCINOMA AND OUTCOME AFTER EN BLOC ESOPHAGECTOMY

From the University of Southern California, Departments of Surgery and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Los Angeles, Calif.

Read at the Twenty-fourth Annual Meeting of The Western Thoracic Surgical Association, Whistler, British Columbia, June 24-27, 1998.

Received for publication July 15, 1998. Revisions requested Oct 1, 1998. Revisions received Jan 11, 1999. Accepted for publication Jan 12, 1999. Address for reprints: Steven R. DeMeester, MD, University of Southern California, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1441 Eastlake Ave, MS 74, Los Angeles, CA 90033.

Objective: Adenocarcinoma has replaced squamous cell as the most common esophageal cancer in the United States. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and location of lymph node metastases, the feasibility of performing an R₀ resection, and disease recurrence and survival in patients with transmural adenocarcinoma of the lower esophagus and gastroesophageal junction.
Methods: Forty-four patients with transmural adenocarcinoma underwent en bloc esophagectomy with systematic thoracic and abdominal lymphadenectomy. They were followed up for a median of 23 months.
Results: Actuarial survival for the entire group was 26% at 5 years. The most important predictors of the likelihood of recurrent disease and 5-year survival were the presence and number of lymph node metastases and the ratio of involved to total removed nodes. Seven patients (16%) were found to have no lymph node metastases and had an 85% 5-year survival. In contrast, patients with more than 4 involved nodes or a node ratio greater than 0.1 had a high likelihood of recurrence and death. Location of involved lymph nodes did not predict the likelihood of recurrence or death. Despite all patients having transmural tumors, recurrence within the field of the en bloc resection occurred in only 1 patient (2%).
Conclusions: En bloc esophagectomy in patients with transmural esophageal adenocarcinoma is required to obtain the survival benefit of an R₀ resection, to adequately assess lymphatic tumor burden, and to be able to predict the likelihood of recurrence and death and thereby guide the use of postoperative adjuvant therapy.

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