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J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2001;122:470-475
© 2001 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery

Cardiopulmonary Support and Physiology (CPS)

Effects of storage solutions on in vitro vasoreactivity of radial artery conduits

From the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery,^a Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, and Department of Cardiac Medicine,^b National Heart and Lung Institute at the Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, United Kingdom.

Supported by the Kate Weeks Research Fellowship, Royal College of Surgeons, England, and the Clinical Research Committee Fellowship, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust.

Received for publication Sept 29, 2000. Revisions requested Dec 15, 2000; revisions received March 20, 2001. Accepted for publication March 22, 2001. Address for reprints: Peter Collins, MD, Department of Cardiac Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Dovehouse St, London SW3 6LY (E-mail: peter.collins{at}ic.ac.uk).

Abstract

Objectives: Surgical preparation of coronary conduits for coronary artery bypass grafting may affect their early and long-term patency; one mechanism may involve endothelial damage. We investigated the effect of 3 commonly used solutions—Ringer's solution, normal saline solution, and heparinized whole blood—on in vitro endothelial and contractile functions of the human radial artery.
Methods: Radial artery segments were harvested, cut into 3-mm rings, and stored in unoxygenated Ringer's solution, normal saline solution, or heparinized whole blood for 45 minutes. Rings stored in Krebs solution were used as controls. The rings were then mounted and stretched to an optimal resting tension in oxygenated Krebs solution at 37°C. Contraction responses to potassium, norepinephrine, and serotonin and relaxation responses to acetylcholine, verapamil, and nitroprusside were evaluated.
Results: Fifty-six radial artery ring segments from 14 patients (n = 7 rings for each contaction-relaxation curve) were studied. Equilibrated resting tension was 9.6 ± 0.3 mN (5.9 ± 0.2 g), and resting internal circumference was 6.4 ± 0.2 mm. Absolute maximum contraction to potassium was significantly less in rings stored in normal saline solution than in rings stored in control solution (10.7 ± 0.6 g vs 14.5 ± 0.6 g, P < .01; 95% confidence intervals, 0.9-6.9). There was no difference in the contraction to norepinephrine (P = .11) and serotonin (P = .25) among the 3 solutions compared with the control solution. Rings stored in heparinized whole blood had significantly greater endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine (P < .007), whereas those stored in normal saline solution had reduced responses. Endothelium-independent relaxation to verapamil and nitroprusside were similar among the 3 solutions.
Conclusion: Heparinized whole blood is a better physiologic medium for preservation of radial artery endothelial and contractile functions during storage before grafting.

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