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J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006;132:1409-1413
© 2006 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery

Surgery for Acquired Cardiovascular Disease

A systematic review of randomized trials comparing revascularization rate and graft patency of off-pump and conventional coronary surgery

^a Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
^b Library and Knowledge Services, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Presented to the Society of Cardiothoracic Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland Annual Meeting, Dublin, Ireland, March 14, 2006.

Received for publication June 15, 2006; revisions received July 24, 2006; accepted for publication August 8, 2006.

^_* Address for reprints: Mr Eric Lim, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Papworth Hospital, Papworth Everard, Cambridge CB3 8RE, United Kingdom. (Email: eric.lim{at}cvsnet.org).

OBJECTIVE: Although many trials have been conducted to evaluate the benefits of off-pump coronary surgery, few have concentrated on graft patency. We sought to evaluate the impact of off-pump surgery on completeness of revascularization and graft patency compared with conventional surgery.

METHODS: A systematic literature search was undertaken of all randomized trials of off-pump coronary surgery in MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library Controlled Trials Register, the National Research Register, and abstracts from major conferences.

RESULTS: In total, 132 publications were identified. From this number, we excluded 43 without a conventional surgery arm and 80 that did not evaluate graft patency. One trial was excluded for selective angiography and one abstract was excluded because of insufficient information. A total of 7 trials were eligible for overview. On initial analysis, the relative risk of graft patency in off-pump coronary surgery compared with conventional surgery was 0.959 (95% confidence interval 0.936-0.983; P = .001). The analysis was repeated after excluding one specific trial because of clinical and statistical heterogeneity (² ₆ = 27.78; P < .001), and a relative risk of 0.953 (95% confidence interval 0.927-0.980; P = .001) was obtained with no further evidence of heterogeneity (² ₅ = 5.35; P = .374). In 5 trials that included the mean number of grafts performed per arm, the standardized mean difference in revascularization comparing off-pump with conventional surgery was –0.164 (–0.286 to –0.043; P = .008).

CONCLUSION: In a meta-analysis of randomized trials, patients undergoing off-pump coronary surgery had a lower rate of revascularization and lower graft patency than did patients undergoing conventional coronary surgery.

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