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J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007;133:704-709
© 2007 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery

Cardiopulmonary Support and Physiology

The effect of mannitol on oxygenation and creatine kinase MB release in patients undergoing multivessel off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery

^a Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
^b Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
^c Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
^d Yonsei Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

Received for publication July 21, 2006; revisions received October 9, 2006; accepted for publication October 18, 2006.

^_* Address for reprints: Young Lan Kwak, MD, PhD, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine and Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Shinchon-Dong, Seodaemun-Ku, Seoul, South Korea, 120-725 (Email: ylkwak{at}yumc.yonsei.ac.kr).

Objectives: Despite avoiding cardiopulmonary bypass, off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery is associated with reduction in PaO ₂ and postoperative respiratory compliance. Also, transient interruption of coronary flow is necessary during distal anastomoses and may impose ischemia-reperfusion myocardial injury. Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic with free radical scavenging properties, and we have evaluated the effects of mannitol on oxygenation and cardiac enzyme release in patients undergoing multivessel off-pump bypass surgery in a prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind trial.

Methods: Fifty patients were randomly allocated to receive either 20% mannitol 0.5 g/kg (n = 25) or normal saline 2.5 mL/kg (n = 25) during Y-graft construction. Pulmonary variables and serum sodium concentrations were measured 15 minutes after induction of anesthesia and sternum closure. Creatine kinase MB was measured before and after the operation. Intraoperative and postoperative fluid input and output, time to extubation, and intraoperative hemodynamic variables were also recorded.

Results: PaO ₂ after sternum closure was significantly higher in the mannitol group, with faster time to extubation and shorter length of stay in the intensive care unit. Intraoperative urine output was significantly greater in the mannitol group, without significant differences in fluid input, serum sodium concentration, and hemodynamic variables. Number of patients with a creatine kinase MB level more than 3 times the upper limit of normal was significantly higher in the control group.

Conclusion: Mannitol could be safely used without adverse side effects in patients undergoing multivessel off-pump bypass surgery with beneficial effects in terms of preserving oxygenation, earlier extubation, and fewer patients with significant creatine kinase MB elevation.

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				J. K. Shim, Y. S. Choi, D. H. Chun, S. W. Hong, D. H. Kim, and Y. L. Kwak Relationship between echocardiographic index of ventricular filling pressure and intraoperative haemodynamic changes during off-pump coronary bypass surgery Br. J. Anaesth., March 1, 2009; 102(3): 316 - 321. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]