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J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007;134:1213-1219
© 2007 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery

Cardiopulmonary Support and Physiology

Chronic pulmonary artery occlusion increases alveolar fluid clearance in rats

Zheng Wang, MDa, Jin Xu, MDa, Gang Ma, MDa, Motoyasu Sagawa, MD, PhDa, Miyako Shimazaki, BSb, Yoshimichi Ueda, MD, PhDb, Tsutomu Sakuma, MD, PhDa,*

a Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
b Department of Pathology II, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan.

Received for publication December 14, 2006; revisions received May 12, 2007; accepted for publication May 23, 2007.

* Address for reprints: Tsutomu Sakuma, MD, PhD, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan. (Email: sakuma-t{at}kanazawa-med.ac.jp).

Objective: We had observed that pulmonary artery ligation for 14 days did not induce lung infiltration in a patient who had undergone a lobectomy for lung cancer. Our hypothesis was that long-term pulmonary artery ligation decreased lung water volume and/or increased alveolar fluid clearance. We determined the mechanism responsible for lung water balance in rats with chronic pulmonary artery occlusion for 14 days.

Methods: Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 45) were used. Through a left thoracotomy, the left pulmonary artery was ligated for 14 days. Then, we measured lung water volume, alveolar fluid clearance, the effects of ß-adrenergic agonist and antagonist, mRNA expression, and protein expression in the lungs.

Results: Chronic left pulmonary artery occlusion increased both lung water volume and alveolar fluid clearance in the left lungs, but not in the right lungs with pulmonary perfusion. Neither a ß-agonist nor a ß-antagonist changed the increase in alveolar fluid clearance. Real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed an increase in {alpha}1-Na,K-ATPase mRNA and a decrease of ß2-adrenoreceptor mRNA, but no change in ß1-Na,K-ATPase mRNA and {alpha}-, ß-, {gamma}-epithelial sodium channel mRNA, in the left lung without pulmonary perfusion. Western blot analysis revealed an increase in {alpha}1-Na,K-ATPase subunit, but no change in ß1-Na,K-ATPase subunit.

Conclusion: Chronic pulmonary artery occlusion increases alveolar fluid clearance via {alpha}1-Na,K-ATPase overexpression in rats.

Abbreviations and Acronyms ATPase = adenosine triphosphatase; cDNA = complementary deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid; ENaC = epithelial sodium channel; GAPDH = glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Na,K-ATPase = sodium–potassium–adenotriphosphatase; PCR = polymerase chain reaction; RNA = ribonucleic acid






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