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J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007;134:1284-1291
© 2007 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery

General Thoracic Surgery

Impact of obesity on outcomes in the management of localized adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction

Departments of Clinical Surgery, St James’s Hospital, and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland.

Received for publication December 12, 2006; revisions received May 16, 2007; accepted for publication June 1, 2007.

^_* Address for reprints: John V. Reynolds, MD, Department of Clinical Surgery and Dublin Molecular Medicine Center, Trinity Center for Health Sciences, St James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland. (Email: reynoljv{at}tcd.ie).

Objective: Obesity trends in the Western world parallel the increased incidence of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction. The implications of obesity on standard outcomes in the management of localized adenocarcinoma, particularly operative risks, have not been systematically addressed.

Methods: This retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data included 150 consecutive patients (36 [24%] obese [body mass index > 30] and 114 nonobese), of whom 43 were normal weight (body mass index 20–25) and 71 were overweight (body mass index 25–30). Eighty-one patients underwent multimodal therapy. The primary end points were in-hospital mortality and morbidity, and median and overall survivals.

Results: Thirty of 36 obese patients (84%) had a body mass index from 30 to 35. Compared with those of the nonobese cohort, obese patients had significantly increased respiratory complications (P = .037), perioperative blood transfusions (P = .021), anastomotic leaks (P = .009), and length of stay (P = .001), but no difference in mortality (P = .582) or major respiratory complications (P = .171). Median and overall survivals were equivalent (P = .348) in both groups.

Conclusions: Obesity was associated with increased respiratory complications and anastomotic leak rates but not with major respiratory complications, mortality, or survival. These outcomes suggest that the added risks of obesity on standard outcomes in esophageal cancer surgery are modest and should not independently have a significant impact on risk assessment in esophageal cancer management.

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