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J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2009;137:919-923
© 2009 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery

Congenital Heart Disease

Transannular patching is a valid alternative for tetralogy of Fallot and complete atrioventricular septal defect repair

^a Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, Rome, Italy
^b Department of Cardiology, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, Rome, Italy

Received for publication February 14, 2008; revisions received April 6, 2008; accepted for publication September 30, 2008.

^_* Address for reprints: Gianluca Brancaccio, MD, PhD, Dipartimento Medico-Chirurgico di Cardiologia Pediatrica, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Piazza S. Onofrio, 4, 00165 Roma, Italy. (Email: gbrancaccio70{at}hotmail.com).

Objective: We report our experience with repair of tetralogy of Fallot associated with complete atrioventricular septal defect, addressing in particular the need for a pulmonary valve in the right ventricular outflow tract.

Methods: Between 1992 and 2006, 33 children with tetralogy of Fallot and complete atrioventricular septal defect were admitted; 26 had Down's syndrome (79%). Thirty-two children had complete repair (18 primary, 14 staged); of the 15 who received initial palliation, 1 died before complete repair. Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction was relieved by transannular patch in 14 cases (42%), infundibular patch with preservation of the pulmonary valve in 7 (21%), and right ventricle–to–pulmonary artery conduit in 11 (33%).

Results: There were no hospital deaths. Actuarial survival was 96% ± 3.9% at 5 years and 85.9 ± 1.1% at 10 years. Multivariate analysis showed that type of relief of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction did not influence survival (P = .16), nor did the choice to use a valved conduit (P = .82). Primary correction (P = .05) and lower weight at repair (P = .05) were associated with higher probability of survival. Mean follow-up was 69.3 ± 5.9 months (range 0.2–282 months). There were 2 late deaths. Overall freedom from reoperation was 69% at 5 years and 38% at 10 years. Right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction without use of a valved conduit allowed a significantly higher freedom from reinterventions (P < .05).

Conclusions: Tetralogy of Fallot associated with complete atrioventricular septal defect can be corrected at low risk with favorable intermediate survival. Use of right ventricle–to–pulmonary artery conduit can be avoided in two thirds of patients with no impact on survival, possibly improving overall freedom from reintervention.