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The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Vol 86, 441-443, Copyright © 1983 by The American Association for Thoracic Surgery and The Western Thoracic Surgical Association
R Pifarre, HJ Sullivan, J Grieco, A Montoya, M Bakhos, PJ Scanlon and RM Gunnar
Rupture of the left ventricle secondary to myocardial infarction may occur
more often than is suspected. More time than anticipated may be available
between rupture and catastrophic deterioration. Hemodynamic stabilization,
diagnostic studies, and surgical treatment can be successfully undertaken.
Four patients have been successfully treated in our institution. Rupture
occurred from 1 to 14 days after infarction. Persistent chest pain was
present in all. All were hemodynamically unstable and all stabilized with
counterpulsation. One patient was in cardiogenic shock, two had a cardiac
arrest, and one presented with cardiac tamponade requiring two emergency
pericardiocenteses. Coronary arteriography was done in all four patients.
Surgical management consisted of infarctectomy and repair of the
ventricular rupture. Additionally, a single aortacoronary bypass graft was
needed in two patients and repair of a ventricular septal rupture was
necessary in a third. There was no operative mortality. One patient drowned
1 year later. We conclude that successful surgical management requires (1)
suspicion of ventricular rupture, (2) hemodynamic stabilization by
counterpulsation, (3) coronary arteriography, and (4) combined
infarctectomy and repair with revascularization.
ARTICLES
Management of left ventricular rupture complicating myocardial infarction
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