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The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Vol 89, 826-835, Copyright © 1985 by The American Association for Thoracic Surgery and The Western Thoracic Surgical Association

ARTICLES

Mediastinal germ cell tumors in childhood. A clinical and pathological study of 21 cases

EE Lack, HJ Weinstein and KJ Welch

Twenty-one patients aged 16 years or less had been treated for a primary mediastinal germ cell tumor at the Children's Hospital, Boston Massachusetts, during the last 54 years. There were 13 boys and eight girls with the average age at diagnosis being 7 years (range 2 weeks to 16 years). Twelve mediastinal germ cell tumors were classified as pure teratoma, five contained embryonal carcinoma admixed with other germ cell components, and four were pure embryonal carcinoma. Of 12 patients with pure teratoma, 10 underwent complete surgical resection and were alive and well 1 to 13 years later; two children left untreated died of complications related to local tumor growth. Complete surgical resection was possible for only two of nine patients with embryonal carcinoma; both received adjuvant therapy and were alive and well 3 and 20 years later. Seven patients received radiation and/or chemotherapy but died of residual or metastatic disease. Successful treatment for children with embryonal carcinoma requires an operation aimed at either debulking or complete resection (if possible) coupled with early and aggressive combination chemotherapy. The role of radiation in primary therapy remains undefined with regard to curative intent.


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D. T. Schneider, G. Calaminus, H. Reinhard, P. Gutjahr, B. Kremens, D. Harms, and U. Gobel
Primary Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumors in Children and Adolescents: Results of the German Cooperative Protocols MAKEI 83/86, 89, and 96
J. Clin. Oncol., February 14, 2000; 18(4): 832 - 832.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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