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The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Vol 99, 1082-1090, Copyright © 1990 by The American Association for Thoracic Surgery and The Western Thoracic Surgical Association

ARTICLES

Immunogenicity of glutaraldehyde-tanned bovine pericardium

M Dahm, WD Lyman, AB Schwell, SM Factor and RW Frater
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.

Glutaraldehyde-tanned bovine pericardium was tested for its ability to induce immunologic responses in vivo. Sections of glutaraldehyde-tanned bovine pericardium were implanted between the abdominal muscles of rats and guinea pigs. Control animals received Dacron implants. Lymphocytes and sera from animals were isolated at 2 and 4 weeks after implantation (four animals per group per time). Tritiated thymidine incorporation and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to measure T- and B- lymphocyte responses to glutaraldehyde-tanned bovine pericardium antigens. At the same time points, implants and surrounding tissue from all animals were processed for histologic data. Results show that T- lymphocytes from animals with glutaraldehyde-tanned bovine pericardium implants responded significantly (p less than 0.001) to glutaraldehyde- tanned bovine pericardium antigens in vitro but not to Dacron. In contrast, lymphocytes from animals with Dacron implants failed to respond to glutaraldehyde-tanned bovine pericardium or Dacron preparations. Results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay show that animals with glutaraldehyde-tanned bovine pericardium implants produced antibody directed against glutaraldehyde-tanned bovine pericardium antigens. Histologic study revealed a dense mononuclear and multinuclear giant cell infiltrate at the interface between glutaraldehyde-tanned bovine pericardium and surrounding host tissues, with focal degradation of implant collagen. Dacron elicited a nonspecific lymphocytic and foreign body-type reaction. These results indicate that glutaraldehyde-tanned bovine pericardium can induce immunologic responses in vivo consistent with a host-versus-graft reaction.

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