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J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2004;127:1219-1221
© 2004 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery

Brief communication

Endometriosis-related pneumothorax: Clinicopathologic observations from a newly diagnosed case

^a U.O. di Chirurgia Toracica, Ospedale Bellaria-Maggiore, Bologna, Italy
^b U.O. di Anatornia e Istologia Patologica, Ospedale Bellaria-Maggiore, Bologna, Italy
^c U.O. di Endoscopia Toracica, Ospedale Bellaria-Maggiore, Bologna, Italy

Received for publication September 27, 2003; accepted for publication November 3, 2003.

^* Address for reprints: Marco Alifano, MD, U.O. Chirurgia Toracica, Ospedale Maggiore, Largo Nigrisoli 2, 40133 Bologna, Italy
marcoalifano@yahoo.com

The first 20% of the full text of this article appears below.

Alifano, Boaron, Cancellieri, Fornelli, Trisolini

Pneumothorax related to thoracic endometriosis has been generally considered to be a rare entity.¹ Exact causative and pathogenic mechanisms are relatively poorly known, and controversies continue.² Very recently, Alifano and coworkers³ performed a prospective study on spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) in women of reproductive age and found that catamenial pneumothorax (CP), a typical manifestation of thoracic endometriosis, accounted for 25% of all cases of SP referred for surgical intervention. In that study all the patients with CP had diaphragmatic abnormalities (nodules or holes), and endometriosis was proved in all but one case. Treatment involved partial diaphragmatic resection, mechanical pleurodesis, and ovarian suppression therapy.

In the present article the clinicopathologic findings of a newly diagnosed case of endometriosis-related pneumothorax were studied to provide further insight into this condition.

Clinical summary

A 39-year-old woman with an unremarkable clinical history was hospitalized for dyspnea and right-sided chest pain. Chest radiography revealed a complete right-sided pneumothorax. Tube thoracostomy was performed, obtaining immediate lung re-expansion. Drainage was discontinued on the third day, and the patient was discharged. Because pneumothorax had occurred on the third day of her menstrual cycle, CP was suspected, and therefore the patient was seen at the . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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