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J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2008;136:1098-1099
© 2008 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery

Brief Communication

Pediatric cardiac transplantation: Three-dimensional printing of anatomic models for surgical planning of heart transplantation in patients with univentricular heart

^a Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
^c Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
^b Institute of Micro Technology and Medical Device Technology, Technical University Munich, Garching, Germany

Received for publication November 26, 2007; accepted for publication March 23, 2008.

^_* Address for reprints: Ralf Sodian, MD, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany. (Email: ralf.sodian@med.uni-muenchen.de).

The first 20% of the full text of this article appears below.

Orthotopic heart transplantation is definitive therapy for infants with failing staged palliation after univentricular repair.¹ Although the surgical management of these patients may be quite straightforward, the actual cardiac and vascular anatomy is sometimes unpredictable. To overcome this problem, we developed a new technique to fabricate a custom made replica from 128-slice computed tomographic (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) angiography to create a realistic model of the anatomic situation for preoperative assessment and intraoperative orientation in 2 patients with failed staged palliation. In such situations, solid replicas may be helpful in choosing surgical treatment strategies before heart transplantation, for intraoperative orientation, and in demonstrating the planned procedure to patients and parents with lifelike models.

Clinical Summary

We studied 2 patients with failing single-ventricle repair who had undergone multiple surgical interventions and were finally listed for heart transplantation. Patient 1 was a 2-year-old boy who had failing staged palliation of hypoplastic left heart syndrome. He had undergone a Norwood stage 1 operation, a Glenn superior cavopulmonary anastomosis, and a repair of the tricuspid valve. The patient had severe tricuspid regurgitation and heart failure after the second stage of the reconstruction and was therefore listed for transplantation.

Patient 2 was a 14-year-old girl who had pulmonary atresia and a hypoplastic right ventricle . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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