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J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010;140:e36-e38
© 2010 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery

Brief Clinical Report

Two cases of aneurysm of the anterior mitral valve leaflet associated with transcatheter aortic valve endocarditis: A mere coincidence?

^a Division of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, Thoraxcenter, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
^b Division of Cardiology, University of Turin, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Turin, Italy
^c Division of Cardiology, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
^d Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Turin, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Turin, Italy
^e Division of Cardiac Surgery, Erasmus MC, Thoraxcenter, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Received for publication November 1, 2009; accepted for publication November 6, 2009.

^_* Address for reprints: Patrick W. Serruys, MD, PhD, FACC, Ba 583, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center, Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. (Email: p.w.j.c.serruys@erasmusmc.nl).

The first 20% of the full text of this article appears below.

	Introduction

 
The incidence of transcatheter aortic valve endocarditis (TAVE) is currently unknown. To the best of our knowledge, 2 clinical case reports of TAVE have been published (1 Edwards SAPIEN [Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, Calif] and 1 Medtronic CoreValve ReValving System [Medtronic CV, Luxembourg Sarl]).^1,2 Interestingly, both cases were associated with aneurysm and perforation of the anterior mitral valve leaflet—a link that has not been previously reported. We briefly review the clinical presentations of these cases and discuss the possible implications of endocarditis in the context of transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

	Clinical Summaries

 
Patient 1
CoreValve ReValving System (Figure 1 , A and B). Comoglio and associates¹ reported a case of TAVE in a 66-year-old man who underwent transfemoral aortic valve implantation with the CoreValve ReValving System. The prosthesis was positioned too low into the left ventricular outflow tract, resulting in moderate paravalvular aortic regurgitation. After postimplant balloon dilatation, the aortic regurgitation was reduced to a mild–moderate degree. The postoperative course was complicated by ventricular arrhythmias of unknown etiology. One month . . . [Full Text of this Article]