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J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2002;124:14-15
© 2002 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery

Editorials

How do you study blue?

Charles B. Huddleston, MD

From Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo.

Received for publication March 20, 2002. Accepted for publication April 1, 2002. Address for reprints: Charles B. Huddleston, MD, Department of Surgery, St Louis Children's Hospital, Suite 5S 50, 1 Children's Place, St Louis, MO 63110 (E-mail: huddlestonc@msnotes.wustl.edu).

The first 20% of the full text of this article appears below.


   Introduction
 
See associated article on page 105.

Cyanosis is perhaps one of the most impressive signs one can note on physical examination. The ability of the human body to adapt to function satisfactorily—well in many cases—in the setting of an arterial oxygen saturation of under 80% is remarkable. Since cyanosis is oftentimes a secondary phenomenon of congenital heart disease and since congenital heart disease producing cyanosis will usually require cardiac surgery, it seems prudent to evaluate the impact of cardiopulmonary bypass on the heart that has been subject to low oxygen tension for a prolonged period. This is certainly not a new concept or subject of experimentation as there are many studies reported in the literature using different models of acute and chronic hypoxemia in an attempt at studying "blue." There are many variables in these studies, including the model used to produce hypoxemia, the age at which it commenced, the duration before experimental study, the consistency of the hypoxemia, the animal species, and the precise nature of the experimental design evaluating myocardial response to . . . [Full Text of this Article]


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Chronic hypoxia: A model for cyanotic congenital heart defects
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 2002 124: 105-112. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]



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A. F. Corno, G. Milano, S. Morel, P. Tozzi, C. Y. Genton, M. Samaja, and L. K. von Segesser
Hypoxia: Unique myocardial morphology?
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